Neon
Colourless gaseous element of group 18 on the periodic table (noble gases). Neon occurs in the atmosphere, and comprises 0.0018% of the volume of the atmosphere. It has a distinct reddish glow when used in discharge tubes and neon based lamps. It forms almost no chemical compounds. Neon was discovered in 1898 by Sir William Ramsey and M.W. Travers.
Gallery
Jurii, CC BY 3.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons, source: https://images-of-elements.com/neon.php
Emission spectrum
Physical Propertiesmass · density · phase · crystal
Atomic Mass
20.1797Da
Density
0.0008g/L
Phase (STP)
Gas
Melting Point
24.6K
Boiling Point
27.1K
Molar Heat
1.0300J/(mol·K)
Crystal Structure
FCC
Lattice Constant
4.430Å
Atomic Radiiatomic · covalent · van der Waals
Atomic (Empirical)
160.00pm
Covalent
67.00pm
Van der Waals
154.00pm
Electronic Propertieselectronegativity · ionization · affinity
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s2 2p6
Electron Shells
2, 8
Electronegativity
—
Electron Affinity
—
1st Ionization Energy
21.6kJ/mol
Oxidation States
0
Orbital DiagramAufbau · Hund's rule · Pauli exclusion
Full: 1s2 2s2 2p6Short: [He] 2s2 2p6
Ionization Energies (10 known)
Emission Spectrumvisible range · characteristic spectral lines
Abundanceby mass
Log scale · ppm = parts per million by mass
Biological Role
Inert noble gas with no biological role.
Discovery
Discovered By
Sir William Ramsey, M.W. Travers
Named By
—
Year
1898
Nuclear Data
Known Isotopes
20
Stable Isotopes
4
Stable Mass Numbers
20, 21, 22, 33
Natural isotopic abundance (IUPAC recommended values)
Isotopes of Ne20 known
| Nuclide | Z | N | Mass (AMU) | Half-life | Decay | Jπ | Abundance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15Ne | 10 | 5 | 15.043173 | Unknown | 2p (1%) | 3/2- | — |
| 16Ne | 10 | 6 | 16.025751 | Unknown | 2p (1%) | 0+ | — |
| 17Ne | 10 | 7 | 17.017714 | 109 ms | β⁺ (1%), β⁺p (0.9440000000000001%), β⁺α (0.0351%), B+pA (0.00014000000000000001%) | 1/2- | — |
| 20Nestable | 10 | 10 | 19.992440 | Stable | stable (1%) | 0+ | 9048.0000% |
| 21Nestable | 10 | 11 | 20.993847 | Stable | stable (1%) | 3/2+ | 27.0000% |
| 22Nestable | 10 | 12 | 21.991385 | Stable | stable (1%) | 0+ | 925.0000% |
| 32Ne | 10 | 22 | 32.039720 | 3.50 ms | β⁻ (1%), β⁻n, 2n | 0+ | — |
| 33Nestable | 10 | 23 | 33.049523 | Stable | n | 7/2- | — |
| 34Ne | 10 | 24 | 34.056728 | Unknown | β⁻, 2n, β⁻n | 0+ | — |