Periodic Table/Ytterbium
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70Yb173.0450 Da

Ytterbium

Lanthanide·Period 6·f-block

Silvery metallic element of the lanthanoids. Seven natural isotopes and ten artificial isotopes are known. Used in certain steels. Discovered by J.D.G. Marignac in 1878.

Gallery

Ytterbium, 0.5 x 1 cm

Jurii, CC BY 1.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/1.0>, via Wikimedia Commons, source: https://images-of-elements.com/ytterbium.php

Bohr model of Ytterbium

Physical Propertiesmass · density · phase · crystal

Atomic Mass

173.0450Da

Density

6.9000g/cm³

Phase (STP)

Solid

Melting Point

1097.2K

Boiling Point

1469.2K

Molar Heat

0.1550J/(mol·K)

Crystal Structure

FCC

Lattice Constant

5.490Å

Atomic Radiiatomic · covalent · van der Waals

Atomic (Empirical)

175.00pm

Covalent

170.00pm

Van der Waals

226.00pm

Electronic Propertieselectronegativity · ionization · affinity

Electron Configuration

[Xe] 4f14 6s2

Electron Shells

2, 8, 18, 32, 8, 2

Electronegativity

—

Electron Affinity

-0.0kJ/mol

1st Ionization Energy

6.3kJ/mol

Oxidation States

+2, +3

Orbital DiagramAufbau · Hund's rule · Pauli exclusion

↑↓
1s2
↑↓
2s2
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
2p6
↑↓
3s2
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
3p6
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
3d10
↑↓
4s2
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
4p6
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
4d10
↑↓
5s2
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
5p6
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
4f14
↑↓
6s2

Full: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 6s2Short: [Xe] 4f14 6s2

Ionization Energies (70 known)

1st6.3 kJ/mol2nd12.2 kJ/mol3rd25.1 kJ/mol4th43.6 kJ/mol5th65.6 kJ/mol6th99.0 kJ/mol7th117.0 kJ/mol8th135.0 kJ/mol9th163.0 kJ/mol10th182.0 kJ/mol11th209.0 kJ/mol12th244.0 kJ/mol13th279.0 kJ/mol14th301.0 kJ/mol15th324.0 kJ/mol16th360.0 kJ/mol17th396.0 kJ/mol18th431.0 kJ/mol19th469.0 kJ/mol20th505.0 kJ/mol21th540.0 kJ/mol22th580.0 kJ/mol23th610.0 kJ/mol24th651.0 kJ/mol25th882.0 kJ/mol26th924.0 kJ/mol27th971.0 kJ/mol28th1019.0 kJ/mol29th1065.0 kJ/mol30th1114.0 kJ/mol31th1175.0 kJ/mol32th1224.0 kJ/mol33th1275.0 kJ/mol34th1324.0 kJ/mol35th1516.0 kJ/mol36th1564.0 kJ/mol37th1618.0 kJ/mol38th1668.0 kJ/mol39th1789.0 kJ/mol40th1845.0 kJ/mol41th1978.0 kJ/mol42th2036.4 kJ/mol43th3443.0 kJ/mol44th3555.0 kJ/mol45th3677.0 kJ/mol46th3805.0 kJ/mol47th3929.0 kJ/mol48th4051.0 kJ/mol49th4238.0 kJ/mol50th4364.0 kJ/mol51th4502.0 kJ/mol52th4630.0 kJ/mol53th4988.0 kJ/mol54th5101.0 kJ/mol55th5224.0 kJ/mol56th5339.0 kJ/mol57th5731.0 kJ/mol58th5860.0 kJ/mol59th6111.0 kJ/mol60th6236.0 kJ/mol61th13784.0 kJ/mol62th14093.0 kJ/mol63th14435.0 kJ/mol64th14752.0 kJ/mol65th16191.0 kJ/mol66th16570.0 kJ/mol67th17050.0 kJ/mol68th17365.4 kJ/mol69th70123.0 kJ/mol70th71574.6 kJ/molSuccessive Ionization Energies

Emission Spectrumvisible range · characteristic spectral lines

399
556
509
Yb emission
380nm750nm
398.8 nm(100%)555.6 nm(50%)508.7 nm(30%)

Abundanceby mass

🌍Earth's Crust
3.2 ppm
🌊Ocean
8.0e-7 ppm
✨Universe
2.0 ppb
🧬Human Body—

Log scale · ppm = parts per million by mass

Biological Role

No biological role

No known biological role.

Discovery

Discovered By

Jean de Marignac

Named By

—

Year

1878

Nuclear Data

Known Isotopes

38

Stable Isotopes

7

Stable Mass Numbers

168, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 176

Natural isotopic abundance (IUPAC recommended values)

Isotopes of Yb38 known

NuclideZNMass (AMU)Half-lifeDecayJπAbundance
148Yb7078147.967547Unknownβ⁺, β⁺p0+—
149Yb7079148.964219700 msβ⁺ (1%), β⁺p (1%)1/2+—
150Yb7080149.958314Unknownβ⁺0+—
168Ybstable7098167.933891Stableα, 2β⁺0+12.3000%
170Ybstable70100169.934767Stablestable (1%)0+298.2000%
171Ybstable70101170.936332Stablestable (1%)1/2-1408.6000%
172Ybstable70102171.936387Stablestable (1%)0+2168.6000%
173Ybstable70103172.938216Stablestable (1%)5/2-1610.3000%
174Ybstable70104173.938868Stablestable (1%)0+3202.5000%
176Ybstable70106175.942575Stable2β⁻, α0+1299.5000%
183Yb70113182.962426Unknownβ⁻3/2-—
184Yb70114183.965002Unknownβ⁻0+—
185Yb70115184.969425Unknownβ⁻9/2-—

Click any isotope for its full page with decay chain:

148Yb149Yb150Yb151Yb152Yb153Yb154Yb155Yb156Yb157Yb158Yb159Yb160Yb161Yb162Yb163Yb164Yb165Yb166Yb167Yb168Yb169Yb170Yb171Yb172Yb173Yb174Yb175Yb176Yb177Yb178Yb179Yb180Yb181Yb182Yb183Yb184Yb185Yb
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