Periodic Table/Silver
← PdCd →
47Ag107.8682 Da

Silver

Transition Metal·Period 5, Group 11·s-block

White lustrous soft metallic transition element. Found in both its elemental form and in minerals. Used in jewellery, tableware and so on. Less reactive than silver, chemically.

Gallery

Natural silver nugget, 1 cm long.

Jurii, CC BY 3.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons, source: http://images-of-elements.com/silver.php

Bohr model of Silver

Physical Propertiesmass · density · phase · crystal

Atomic Mass

107.8682Da

Density

10.5000g/cm³

Phase (STP)

Solid

Melting Point

1234.9K

Boiling Point

2435.2K

Molar Heat

0.2350J/(mol·K)

Crystal Structure

FCC

Lattice Constant

4.090Å

Atomic Radiiatomic · covalent · van der Waals

Atomic (Empirical)

160.00pm

Covalent

128.00pm

Van der Waals

211.00pm

Electronic Propertieselectronegativity · ionization · affinity

Electron Configuration

[Kr] 4d10 5s

Electron Shells

2, 8, 18, 18, 1

Electronegativity

1.93Pauling

Electron Affinity

1.3kJ/mol

1st Ionization Energy

7.6kJ/mol

Oxidation States

+1, +2, +3

Orbital DiagramAufbau · Hund's rule · Pauli exclusion

↑↓
1s2
↑↓
2s2
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
2p6
↑↓
3s2
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
3p6
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
3d10
↑↓
4s2
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
4p6
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
↑↓
4d10
↑
5s1

Full: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s1Short: [Kr] 4d10 5s

Ionization Energies (47 known)

1st7.6 kJ/mol2nd21.5 kJ/mol3rd34.8 kJ/mol4th49.0 kJ/mol5th65.0 kJ/mol6th82.0 kJ/mol7th106.0 kJ/mol8th125.0 kJ/mol9th145.1 kJ/mol10th167.0 kJ/mol11th188.0 kJ/mol12th271.5 kJ/mol13th294.0 kJ/mol14th321.0 kJ/mol15th347.0 kJ/mol16th381.0 kJ/mol17th408.4 kJ/mol18th469.0 kJ/mol19th500.9 kJ/mol20th885.0 kJ/mol21th946.0 kJ/mol22th1013.0 kJ/mol23th1082.0 kJ/mol24th1149.0 kJ/mol25th1231.0 kJ/mol26th1308.0 kJ/mol27th1382.0 kJ/mol28th1460.0 kJ/mol29th1535.0 kJ/mol30th1747.0 kJ/mol31th1810.5 kJ/mol32th1888.0 kJ/mol33th1979.0 kJ/mol34th2077.0 kJ/mol35th2131.0 kJ/mol36th2302.0 kJ/mol37th2372.0 kJ/mol38th5558.0 kJ/mol39th5753.0 kJ/mol40th5966.0 kJ/mol41th6170.0 kJ/mol42th6551.0 kJ/mol43th6785.0 kJ/mol44th7082.0 kJ/mol45th7271.3 kJ/mol46th30097.3 kJ/mol47th30965.8 kJ/molSuccessive Ionization Energies

Emission Spectrumvisible range · characteristic spectral lines

521
547
421
406
Ag emission
380nm750nm
546.6 nm(100%)520.9 nm(50%)421.1 nm(40%)405.5 nm(30%)

Abundanceby mass

🌍Earth's Crust
75.0 ppb
🌊Ocean
40.0 ppt
✨Universe
600.0 ppt
🧬Human Body—

Log scale · ppm = parts per million by mass

Biological Role

No biological role

No known biological role. Has antimicrobial properties (oligodynamic effect).

Discovery

Discovered By

Known to the ancients.

Named By

—

Year

—

Nuclear Data

Known Isotopes

42

Stable Isotopes

3

Stable Mass Numbers

107, 109, 133

Natural isotopic abundance (IUPAC recommended values)

Isotopes of Ag42 known

NuclideZNMass (AMU)Half-lifeDecayJπAbundance
92Ag474591.959710Unknownβ⁺, p——
93Ag474692.950188228 nsp, β⁺, β⁺p9/2+—
94Ag474793.94374427.0 msβ⁺ (1%), β⁺p (0.002%)0+—
107Agstable4760106.905092Stablestable (1%)1/2-5183.9000%
109Agstable4762108.904756Stablestable (1%)1/2-4816.1000%
131Ag4784130.95625335.0 msβ⁻ (1%), β⁻n, 2n (0.1%)9/2+—
132Ag4785131.96307030.0 msβ⁻ (1%), β⁻n, 2n6-—
133Agstable4786132.968781Stableβ⁻, β⁻n9/2+—

Click any isotope for its full page with decay chain:

92Ag93Ag94Ag95Ag96Ag97Ag98Ag99Ag100Ag101Ag102Ag103Ag104Ag105Ag106Ag107Ag108Ag109Ag110Ag111Ag112Ag113Ag114Ag115Ag116Ag117Ag118Ag119Ag120Ag121Ag122Ag123Ag124Ag125Ag126Ag127Ag128Ag129Ag130Ag131Ag132Ag133Ag
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